The ancient Egyptians were the first to know the solar year and divided it into 12 months
Archaeologist Dr. Abdel Rahim Rihan said, "The ancient Egyptians were the first to know the solar year by observing the stars, superior to the Greeks who added a month every three years to the year until the seasons straightened."
Rihan added, in a statement, today, Tuesday, that “the ancient Egyptians divided the year into 12 months, and each month has 30 days, with an increase of five days each year. » Translated by Dr. Muhammad Saqr Khafaga, presented by Dr. Ahmad Badawy.
The archaeologist pointed out that the Egyptians knew a solar year of 365 days, then added five days after that, they made it holidays to celebrate the anniversary of the birth of five major deities: “Osiris, Isis, Set, Nephthys, and then Horus,” which differs from the year that dates back to the days of Julius. Caesar'.
Rayhan continued, “They distributed the months of the year into three seasons, each season four complete months. The first is the flood season, the second is the cultivation and planting season, and the third is the harvest and drought season. This is a natural division that fits the face of the earth and its different colors throughout the year, and this division indicates the importance of the Nile and its clear impact on the Egyptians’ thinking emanating from the nature of their land, and they made the heralds of the flood aware of their year.”
Rayhan said, “The ancient Egyptian discovered with the passage of years that the beginning of the year may differ with the date of the flood due to the repetition of the five extra days at the expense of the year’s cycle. This is evident in the difference between the Egyptian year and the Caesarean year; The Egyptian year is 365 days, and the Caesarean section returns every 365 days and a quarter. Thus, the Caesarean year becomes 366 days whenever the year rotates by 4 cycles, while the Egyptian year falls short of a quarter of a day as the year turns.”
He added, "This defect remained evident in the Egyptian year and the Caesarian year until Pope Gregory was able in the sixteenth century AD to introduce the year to reform so that its extra day falls every hundred cycles."
Rihan pointed out that the abundant knowledge of the ancient Egyptians and the accuracy of their observation of the stars made them notice that the omens of the flood were watching them with the appearance of a star that appears in the clear sky before sunrise, the star that the Arabs called “the star of the Yemeni poet” and its location in the circles of astronomy behind Gemini, and Sirius was Among the deities of Quraysh, she was mentioned in the Noble Qur’an in Surat An-Najm, verse 49, “And that he is the Lord of the poets.”
He mentioned that, the Egyptians loved this planet and sang about its appearance in their religious poems and chants and called it the bringer of the flood and made it a flag over their mother, Isis, because they greeted the beginning of life whenever the year turned.
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